Adjustable bench grinder



Jan; 28, 1958 E. F. CHANDLER ADJUSTABLE BENCH GRINDER 6 Sheeis-Sheet 1v Filed Sept. 4, 1953 INVENTOR. vEdwavcl F. Chandler BY E. F. CHANDLER ADJUSTABLE BENCH GRINDER- Jan. 28, 1958 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fiied Sept. 4, 195a WNW SQ w? INVENTOR. Edward F- Chandler BY ATTORNEY Jan. 28, 1958 E. F. CHANDLER Q 2,821,053

ADJUSTABLE BENCH GRINDER 7 Filed Sept. 4, 1955 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. Edward F ChamHer ATTORNEY Jan. 28, 1958 5F. CHANDLER 2,821,053

A ADJUSTABLE BENCH GRINDER Filed Sept. 4, 195:5 V e Sheets-Sheet 5 IN V EN TOR.

Edwav-d Ft ChamHev 3Q 0g 67-7-0 R/ve'y Jan. 28, i958 E. F. CHANDLER I 2,821,053

ADJUSTABLE BENCH GRINDER Filed Sept. 4, 1953 s Sheeis-Shet s INVENTCR.

Edward Chane/18v ATTORNEY United States Patent ADJUSTABLE BENCH GRINDER Edward F. Chandler, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application September 4, 1953, Serial No. 378,539

4 Claims. (Cl. 51225) This invention relates to improvements in bench grinders and the like.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved grinding device in which there is a spindle adapted to carry a grinding Wheel, and rotated at any desired speed by means of a motor either carried on the grinding device frame, or mounted nearby, and including novel means for holding tools or objects which are to be ground, so that they may be efficiently and quickly ground as needed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved grinding device in which the entire device, including motor, spindle, grinding wheel, and adjustable mounting and carrier for the tools to be ground, is made quite compact, and with a low center of gravity, with improved high degree of stability, thus enabling the machine to be placed or mounted on a bench or support in the shop, right at hand convenient for the use of the machinist, in carrying out grinding jobs, so as to avoid waste of time, and permitting several such machines to be used even in a small shop.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved compact bench grinder of the character described, in which there is a unitary tool support base carried by the frame of the machine, which is adjustable radially from the frame, so as to move the tool which is being ground inwardly or outwardly from the grinding wheel surface, with fine adjustability thereof, the unitary tool support base being also turnable about the vertical axis of the machine frame, to permit grinding either on the outer peripheral edge of the grinding wheel, or on either of its flat faces, or at intermediate angular presentation of the grinding wheel to the tool being ground.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved unitary tool support base including a plurality of traverse rods along which the tool post or posts are slidable, thus permitting traverse relative to the grinding Wheel of the tool being ground, in any desired or necessary manner.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved tool chuck arrangement and construction for the tool post or posts, so that a tool to be ground, may be inserted in the tool chuck quickly and easily, and secured therein without need for special tools, but merely by turning one or the other of the hand wheels of the tool chuck, to firmly grip the tool, the tool post which carries the tool chuck being mounted for turning about several axes, substantially universal mounting in effect, so that variously oriented cutting surfaces on machine tools or bits may be ground with a high degree of fineness and precision.

Still a further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved bench grinder of the character described, which is simple in design, inexpensive to manufacture, highly eflicient in use, and which can be made and installed in small and large shops at low cost.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending patent application, Serial Number 328,620, filed December 30, 1952, for Universal Grinder, now Patent No. 2,783,592, issued March 5, 1957.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, and in which,

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of my improved bench grinder.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the bench grinder shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a right side elevational view of the bench grinder, as seen looking from the right of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the bench grinder, similar to that of Figure 2, except that the tool support frame has been swung or traversed through an angle of ninety degrees about its position of Figure 2, on the vertical main support post, relative to the spindle and motor, this view being in fragment partly.

Figure 5 is a right end elevational view of the tool -mounting chuck as might be seen on plane 55 of with a tool shank.

Figure 6 is a right side elevational view of the chuck shown in Figure 5, the view being partly sectioned substantially on plane 66 of Figure 5, and illustrating the mode of engagement at either end of the chuck, with tool shanks of differing diameters, the shanks of the tools being shown in fragment.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the grinding machine as shown on the same plane as Figure 1, with a toothed cutter mounted in the chuck, with automatic traversing means also shown.

Figure 8 is a right side elevational view of the con struction shown in Figure 7, this view including the grinding Wheel, in fragment, other parts being omitted another type of cutter mounted in the chuck, and including the automatic means for traversing the cutter to maintain contact with the grinding wheel, the parts being shown in fragment.

Figure 10 is a right side elevational view in fragment of the parts shown in Figure 9, as might be seen on plane 10--10 of Figure 9, omitting other parts for clarity.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary top plan view showing a long type of cutter mounted in the chuck for grinding.

Figure 12 is a top plan view showing another type of tapered cutter mounted in the chuck for grinding on the taper.

Figure 13 is a top plan view showing a stepped long shank mounting device for mounting bored cutters prior to being inserted in the chuck, this being used with cutters which have no extensible shanks for this purpose.

Figure 14 is a top plan view showing how an arrangement of the type shown in Figure 13, is inserted in the chuck for grinding of the tool.

Figure 15 is a top plan view showing a cutter mounted in the chuck which has been turned about its vertical axis for being ground by the grinding wheel, another type of shape of grinding wheel being shown in this view for example only.

Figure 16 is a top plan view showing another type of cutter carried in the chuck on a shaft, the chuck having been turned through ninety degrees to present the cutter to the grinding wheel, and indicating in broken lines another position of the grinding wheel relative thereto by further orientation of the parts.

Figure 17 is a top planxview showing another type of bevel cutter mounted in the chuck for grinding, and Show that the'tool or'other part to beground'be easily set up in the grinder without the necessity of improvisation, and

. .catch anysabrasiveparticles .or. castofi metallic particles of parts being ground, and guide them away from-the machinist. A set screw 80 is threaded into an opening in the top of the projection 66, as seen in Figures 1 and yet with the assurance that thetoolwill beadequately ground and with the'desired degreeofprecision. The

grinder should also be small and compact, sothat itmay be located anywhere in the shop, right at hand-for use by the machinist, or even located right on hisworkbench. Further-it should-permit of ready-insertion and mounting of any of the various types of cutters and the like, with both angular and lateral traverse, sothat there will be no surfaces of the cutter whichtcannot be ground ade- 'quately and without delay. The present device is of this character, being an improvement of mygcopending patent application, Serial Number 328,620, "filed -December"'30,

l9 52, for Universal Grinder, now Patent No; 2,783,592, issued March 5,1957.

In order to understand clearly the .nature of-the inventio'n, and'the best means for-carrying it out, reference :maynow :be had to the drawings. in which like numerals denote similarvparts throughout the several views.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, there is a-stablebase genierally indicated at?20, and-including afloor plate'z22 in- -tegral with and extending outwardly from v.the base' hub 24, which issomewhatcircular when viewed in plani as .in Figure 2, -the floor plate '22.-being intended fo r-supp rt of-theelectric drive motor 26, the base 28- of-=which is disposed thereon and secured thereto-by anyiisuitable -m'eans" such as screws 30. The stable base 20EhasI-a base projection: 32 integral therewith, and .this. in. turn hasq an upwardly open .socket 134 formed therein to receivethe lower end portion 36*of'themainnpright:support-post -38. .The post 38 may be either seatedin theipost socket 3 4 and'securedtherein by means of a set screw :35 or the like, or may be pressed into. the socket34.and-=permanently seated therein, as desired.

The upper' end portion 40 of.the'm-ain upright support post 38 extends into the downwardly open bore or socket 42 in the main journal support hub 44,.and fromfFigure 18, it shows that in onerform .of the.invention,:the

.socket 42. may be closed atthe top by'wall. 46',so .that

hub 44 rests upon the upper end of:;the .main support .post 38.

:In anyievent it is preferable:thatdtherenbelno relative turning motion betweenfthebase20,.thepost 38,and' the vhub44 during normal operation of the machine. .-.A main journal or spindle housing:50 may be mounted; securely upon the hub v44, or formed integralitherewith. so {as to be firmlysupported.thereby,.aand,1asseenin Figure 1', in view of the fact that the housing 50 extends for the. most part toward the left of theJhubJ44, a strengthening rib or wall 52 may be formed integral with both the-.hub tt44 and the journalhousing 50, to give good support and rigid ity. The main-journal. or spindle housing 50 is provided with .a longitudinal bearing bore '54 to receive the-"rotat- .-able main shaft or spindle56, which is longer 'than;=.the

housing 50, so that its oppositeends extend substantially outwardly :beyond the ends of 1116 "journal .housing 50. :As seen best in Figure 1, a grinding-1wheel'58 is mounted on the right hand end of the main shaft 56,;for rotation therewith,- being secured between washers :60 and :62 [by means of nut 64 threaded onto the end of ,shaft 56.

A proje'ction 66 'carriedby or integral with-the journal orvspindle housingSi), as -seeni best in Figure 1;: extends upwardly therefrom, and has a'lateral boreza68 forrned therein to receive thefstub shaftf70 whichhas its outer *end secured to or integraltwith" .the; boss :72of the shield member 76, so as to support :the left":walli74- thereof.

2, so as to permit adjustment of the position of the shield I 76 as needed, by loosening the set screw 80 as shown.

At the left end portion of the; journal or spindle housslug 84 on the angle bracket '86, by means of which a screw 88 is threade'dly engaged with :members 86- and ;;82, to secure the partstogether as shown. A belt shield hOUS-r ing 90, having an end wall'92 and a skirt wall flange 94 extending therearound and secured to wall 94 or integral therewith, is welded or otherwise secured to the angle bracket 86, being supported thereby. The belt shield :housing :99 :may also-be further :secured in positionby means of a flange extension'96, secured in=any suitable. manner tofthefbasef 22 to minimize vibration.

The belt shield housing thus defines an enclosure within which the coupling belt-98 moves, so as totrans- ,mit power from.the-motor pulley 100 mounted on drive shaft11102's for :movement I therewith, I to the driven pulley lM whichris rnounted onthe driven main spindle shaft -56;for rotationtherewith. It-is thus seen thatthe driving motor 26 is mounted right down on thelower main :base 20, .soi'that:-.its center-of gravity is well below the .axissofithejournal housing. 50 and ofthe grinding Wheel 58,.thus providing ahigh'degree of stability, and freedom :t'rom any tendency to tip over under high grinding stresses. Figure .3 illustrates this stability arrangement wherein .the .motor..is not only placed belowthe grinding wheel, but also'-well:rearwardly'thereof so that the resultant of .any pressure onthe grinding wheel while a part is being :ground, is directed substantially through the base and hence there issubsta-ntia'lly. no tendency to tip over at-all.

From Figure 2 it is seen lthat the pulley 100'is of a .larger diameter: than-the driven pulley 104,-and-it is understood that theratiootpulley diametersmay be variedas needed, to-impart any-desired speed to the grinding wheel 58. I

A main toot-support housing hub has a .vertical bore 112 formed therethrough asseen best in Figure 18, toreceive slidably and turnably the upright cylindrical support:post- 38, and has asocketboreor recess 114 .formed itherein at right. angles to and intersecting with the-axis-of the vertical-bore 112, to provide aseatfor the horizontal bed-shaft-llfi which is securely se ted and secured therein in-any suitable manner-ras by being-pressed therein, welded or brazed therein, or otherwise. .As shown, the bed shaft 116 may be substantially rectangu- -t.lar in crosssection but' I- do not-wish to be limited-to this shape, such as shown, since it will be understoodthat other cross sections,--including but not limited'to cylindrical'may be employed, according to other forms of the invention. The bed shaft 116 is of substantial length, -andis provided'with a crosssectional shape which will block turning motion of any memberssupported thereby as hereinafter described. The bed shaft 116 thus forms a stable basefor carrying slidably the traversing housing 122- which-is movable longitudinally along the bed "shaft'116 as indicated -by the arrow 124 in Figure 2. .It is seen that the traversing housing 122'has a bore 126 formed.therethrough to receive the shaft '116, and the whole is secured'against turning about the axis of the shaft 116 by means ofithe'geornetric configurationshown.

The carriage housing or tool support frame housing 122isnthus .movable. along the bed shaft .116, ,and a v motionglimitingonstop ,member 128-18 carr fid on the bedw h t--116 ;.ha ng v a op nin 0 crmedgt hew threaded throughan opening inthe member 128, so as,to

thereto at any desired location. As seen best in Figure 3, a position adjusting screw 134 is threaded through an opening 136 in member 128, and has its right hand end reduced and extending through an opening 140 in lug 142 of housing 122, with a pin 144 retaining the same in said opening. Hence by turning knurled knob 146, it is possible to finely adjust the traverse of housing 122 axially along the length of shaft 116 in either direction as indicated by arrow 124 in Figure 3. in other words, it is seen that for positioning the housing 122, it is merely necessary to roughly position the housing 122 along shaft 116, and then tighten screw 132. After this is done, it is simple to make a fine adjustment of its position, by merely turning knob 146 to the right or left, advancing or retracting the housing 122 in fine control as needed, relative to the grinding wheel 58. Set screw 141, as seen in Figures 3 and 18, is provided for locking member 122 to shaft 116 at any position as desired.

To adjust the vertical level or elevation of the hub 110 relative to the base 20, and hence of the parts carried by the hub, I provide an integral extension lug 162 extending outwardly from hub 110, and provided with a vertical threaded bore 164 to receive a threaded vertical adjusting and traverse screw 166. A knurled knob or wheel 168 is mounted on or integral with the screw 166 for turning therewith, and the lower portion of the screw, as at 170 may be left unthreaded, and bears downwardly on the upper surface 172 of the rounded bearing plateau portion 174 of the main base 24. To maintain the angular position of the hub 110 and the parts carried thereby, relative to the vertical post 38, a set screw 176 may be employed, being threaded through hub 110 so as to bear against the surface of post 38, or other means may be employed.

As seen best in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the traversing support housing 122 has integral left and right cradle extensions 180 and 182, and the members 122, 180 and 182 have a common upwardly open groove 184 formed therein to form a bed for the rectangular cross section longitudinal traversing bed plate 186, which has an upper plane surface 188, and is of considerable length as seen in Figure 4. Screws 190 are threaded through vertical holes in extensions 180 and 182 and the overlying portions of bed plate 186, so as to secure the plate 186 firmly to the cradle extensions 180 and 182, care being taken to see that the screws 199 do not protrude above the upper surface 188 of the plate.

At the outer ends of the bed plate 186, the end por tions 192 of brackets 194 are secured by means of screws 196 extending upwardly through openings in bracket ends 192 and threaded through openings 198 in the plate 186. Here it is seen that the ends 192 of the brackets 194 are formed with upwardly open grooves to receive and fit snugly with the square or rectangular cross section of the plate 186, making for a good solid fit. The end brackets 194 extend outwardly from the plate 186, and have enlarged hubs or bosses 200 formed with openings 202 to receive the ends of the longitudinal traverse slide shaft or support shaft 204, which is either pressed therein or held securely therein by means of a pin or set screw 206. The axis of the shaft 204 is parallel to the axis of plate 186.

A traversing carriage 210 has an integral lower body or bushing 212 with a bore 214 formed therethrough to receive slidably the shaft 204, so that the carriage 210 is slidable either way in the directions of the arrow 216 along the shaft 204. The carriage also has an hub 218 integral with lower body 212, and this has a vertical bore 220 to receive the stub shaft 222 which is vertical as shown best in Figure 3, a pin or set screw 224 serving to maintain the lower hub 226 of the bracket 228 in engagement with the pin 222, which penetrates a vertical bore formed through its hub 226 as shown in Figure 3. Since the example of construction shown has the pin 22 2 andhub 226 relatively stationary as to each other, turning of the bracket 228 about the vertical axis of the pin 222 is accomplished in any known manner, one example being by forming a split at one side of the wall of the hub 218, and using the screw 230 to extend across the split wall sections, to draw them together to firmly embrace the pin 222 therein, the grip being loosened by loosening screw 230 when it is desired to turn the bracket 228 to another angular position.

At its upper end, the bracket 228 has a boss or hub 232 with a bore 234 formed through to receive the stub shaft 236 which is integral with and extends out of the tool holder chuck body 238. The bracket hub 232 is split at 240, and has an adjustment screw 242 threadedly engaging one of the lips of the split portions of the hub, which are enlarged somewhat to form lodgment for the screw, so that turning the screw in one direction draws the lips of the split together, clamping it on the shaft 236, and turning the screw the other way, loosens the clamping action. This permits angular traverse of the chuck 238 about the axis of the shaft 236, as indicated by the curved arrow 244 in Figure l. Graduations may be placed on the surfaces of shaft 236 and boss 232 if desired, to facilitate angular adjustment as needed, as seen in rigure 1.

The chuck body 238 has an axial opening or bore 246 formed therethrough, and has its upper wall split as at 248 through its entire length, with upstanding integral lugs 250 and 252 on each lip of the split, with a tightening screw 254 extended therethrough and threaded into the bore of lug 232, so that the clamping effect of the chuck body 238 around the chuck ring or sleeve 256 may be effected or released as needed. The chuck sleeve 256 may have an annular groove 258 formed in a central poruon thereof, as seen best in Figure 6, to receive a corresponding inwardly extending annular rib 260 on the chuck body 238, tor maintaining them in mutual engagement against axial movement relative to each other, while permitting turning when desired, upon loosening screw 234 slightly.

Referring now therefore to the detail sectional views of Figures 5 and 6, the chuck 238 is seen to have an axial bore 262 formed through its sleeve 256, with an annular ring member 264 positioned inside the bore 262 and maintained in position by a pin 266 or the like. A set screw 268 may be threaded through the wall of member 238, with its inner reduced end bearing into the annular groove 258 of sleeve 256, as seen in Figure 6, to hold sleeve 256 against turning as desired, or to permit turning the same by loosening the set screw. The ring member 264 has several openings formed therethrough parallel to its axis, these openings or passages being shown as at 270 and extending wholly through the length of ring 264, to allow the six chuck jaw members sucn as 272a and 272b to extend therethrough at their proximal ends 274, each opening 270 containing the proximal ends of one jaw member 272a and one of 272b, in the manner shown in Figure 6, with pivot pins 276 extending through bores in the jaw members and anchored at their ends in openings formed in the walls of the ring 264, as at 278.

The ring member 264 has an axial bore 280, to allow shanks of cutters 282 and 284, for example to extend therethrough as needed, and it is seen that the working ends of the chuck jaws such as 272a may be made rounded off as shown, or serrated, as desired, and as needed, where they bear against the shanks of the tools. Tightening nuts 285 and 286 are threaded at 288 into the partly threaded outer end portions of the sleeve 256, and have beveled cam surfaces 290 to bear against the taper or beveled surfaces of the jaw members 272a and b, as at 292 and 294, so that as the nuts 285 and 286 are turned inwardly, the jaws 272a and b are moved radially inwardly to securely clamp the shank 282 or 284 of the tools being sharpened. As seen in Figure 6, large or small 1 assi ns-s -tool shanks ;are easily accommodated; two sizesbeing shown in the chuck.

EAS' seen best ;in"Figures 2. 3 and '4; "the tool supper carriage218also has -an extension foot 300 integral therewith. and extending rearwardly over bed platememher. 186; *so'asto. 'liethereon and be -supported-thereon. =As a result, thecarriage-"2'10 is "carriedmot only on-the shaft '2tl4 byits sleeve "212,:but also rests 'by its-foot 300 on the fiat upper surface 1880f bedrplate'185. Hence,

*it is poss'ible'to'ti-lt the carriage upwardly about the" axis of-shaft 204" as seen- -in' Figure 3-'when desired, to move 'the chuck "-away from the grin'ding wheel whenever needed.

Referring now'to l-iigures 7;-and- 8; itisseenthat a millin'g' cutter 31-0- =has:.itsshank 312 extendinginto and-"engaged inf-the- 'chuck'Q58, forbeing -ground-or-sharpened 'on' the 'grinding'wheel 58,-or'to :bringall-its teeth into peripheraLalignment-by such-grinding. 'ln order to maintain-the eutterat successive positions-whereby each tooth ispresented to -theig rinding wheeh surface properly, I provide an indexing-holder arm 314 carrying a finger 1316 to bear-against one of 'thesurfaces of the teeth of the cutter, in the'manner shown, the arm 314 extending. into :an -opening 318,- and adjustable in position by' loosening or tightening the screw 320, which is a set screw threaded through lthe holder base 322. -T-he base 322 is carried '=0n a;sha'ft=324; extending through amopening in lug 326 mountedaon sleeve BZSf V-LhiCh is 'slidably mounted on ashaft 2.04 as shown.

- r Inuse, athe :resil-ient-cspringfinge1 316 will hold the cutter 316 .in upositiontagainst clockwise motion, while a xtooth: istbeing ground -but when it is fin ished, then the operator may turn-the cutter in a 'counterclockwise directioruas-seen in Figure: 8,- -the spring =finger 31 6 .springing pastthe; edge of the tooth,-:and -thus br-inging-another tooth sinto grinding :..positiOn,- and: serving to i hold a that .tooth; in .positionnduning the grinding operation. A set screw .330. maybe employed .to block turning-motion of sleeve: 328. when .needed. .or desired.

Figures 9 and 10 show how another type--of-'spiral rmilling cutter.332:.mayebemounted-in the machine for grindingof zits.cutting..teeth.by wheel 58. 7 Since the type of cutter 3.3.2 may-not hayea shank, it: may be mounted on thearbor, device .334.;shown in detail=in Figure '13, andwinapplied assembled form -iin Figure 14 also. The arbor device has a series, of: stepped shouldersat 336cmried bythe shank, 3.38, or even integral. therewith, and another series. of. .graduatedstepped shoulders at 346 .slidably carried onthe-right;end:of ,-the.,shank. The. cutter to be carried thereon,, such-, as cutter;3 32. fonexarnple, has the right end .of, shank 33:; inserted. through its axial bore, and the left and. right ,assemblies of.,stepped.shoulders are then-engaged in the opening. in; the .cutterwhichfits them as .in Figure 13, the nut 3l44 being .thentightened to secure the whole assembly, firmly together. to rotate as a unit. When. the grinding is finished, the. right shoulder unit 340 is removed, and the cut ter; 332 dismounted. As shown in Figure 9,.the shank 338 .of the arbor device 'is engaged inthe-chuck 238, asalso seen in Figure .14, from which view the. .nuts 234:and,-286 are. omitted for clarity only, as also in Figures 11 to 17, andzis thus. ready .-for being ground by;thegrindingwheel. In Figures 9 and 14 it is seen that; the cutteris mounted .on the right side of the chuck;23 8, while in other views, as in Figures 11, 12 and it is mounted ontheleft side of the chuck, that is to say, acutter may be mounted on either side of the chuck for convenienceas needed.

Referringalso-to Figures 9 andlO, it is seen that the indexingarm. suchasfiSi), with its resilient finger 352, may be inserted-through ..an;,o.pening;in base...354, and .-adjustablypositioned .thereiuzby set screw :356. The. base -.'354;may. haveanzopening or downwardly open :groove or :recess. 358 formed therein to. receive the:rectangular bed :plate 186, shown in Figures 1 to- 4, and a set screw 36d) ornay be'employedrto adjustably-maintain 'the position of 'base' 354 'as desired. Alternatively, if-Z further =adjustability is desi-red -'-for'the arm {550, it" may =be mounted as at 350a inFigure-9, 'inserted throughthe holder 366 -and :held therein ;.by-set=screw'-368,'= the- -shaft*370 being' integ'ral -with or fixed=to*holder 366 and"extendingthrough an opening 372;in-extension374 of base- 354a, .-being=adjustably --held -by set screw 376. Base 354a issimilarly mounted on-plate 186- as describedafor base1354an'd seen in' Figure 10, and it is clear thatmore adjustability'isavail- -able u-niversally'irrthe tor-m shown atthe 'left of 'Figure 9,

that is 35% ct-sequi.

Figures ll to 17 show various types of grinding :oper- "ations and set ups for various types and shapes ofcut- -:-ters and-the like to be--grou nd.. In Figure 11,;thereis shown a lon'gtype of rfiilling=cutter-380 :having a shank 382, which -is"insertednfrom the left into the chuck '238, land secured therein by tightening either or both ofthe nuts 284' and 286-as mentioned for: Figures 1 to 4, and 5 and 6. Eorsimpl-icity,-the details of construction of. the chuck 238 have been omitted in these views, it .being. understoodathatthe formflshown in Figures 1 to 6: isbeing used,and thelnuts 284 and 2.86zare a-lsoornitted for clarity only. In Eiguresl1,..sincer..the grinding wheel 58 only zcovers asmallcpart of athe cutter, it isnecessary'toslide the arbor chuck :238: and.the:support cradle .ca'rriagelsupporting:the.;-same;:back-aandtorth .to. the right and left :as indicatedsby; thesarrow. 2384,; to. grind. the entire. length of thetteeth ofithe cuttercasthlbut this iseasily done because ofatheslidable mounting astalready explained.

;ter5386 has its"; shankcissjnsertedin the chuck 238,-and zthe; chuck is turned by turningthesupport bracket 228' ;shownin.Figure.3,.to bringthe. line of the tooth edge .390 into parallelism with the axis 392 of the grinding wheel 58, after whichjt again is simple .to. slide .the assembly back -andaf0rth on:shaft.2F.4-..as5already explained, whilegrind- ;;ing each tooth ;in turn.

.AFiguresT lE- and l4-havebeenalready explainedin conjunctionawith. Figures 9. and '10, hereinabove, and show -.hoW.-: an: arbor zdevice-333 isused to insertithrough a bore .ina ;cutter;332;havingnoshank, to mountthe cutter for grinding.

Figure .15-shows;another .set up for grinding with a tapered. grinding-wheel 53b, mounted on the spindle shaft .it; being. necessary to employ such grinding wheels for grindingsome typesiof cutter surfaces. In this instance, the cutter 394 has been mounted with its shank :396- en- .gaged. inthe chuck 238, and the chuck has been turned on its bracket 223, as in Figure 3, out of parallelism with the axis of the shaft 56, and it is apparent that by use of various shapesofi grinding wheels mounted on the spindle 56, and.adjustmentofthepositioning of the cutter to be ground,-practically:anydesired surface of a cutter or other object maybe-grounduto perfection with ease.

--Figure 1 6'sho-ws still anothentype of cutter 396 having still another type ;and. .shape-. of cutting. teeth, and; shows how. the cutter.isamountedionthegarbor 398 which is in- -.serted.tlzlrcgugh.an; opening in'thecutteraxis, and the arbor .in turnds insertedz andzengaged in the chuck 238. In this instance, the,chnclehas. been .turned through an angle of ninety degreestso that the :axis of the 1 arbor 3981 isv .now perpendicular to that of the grinding wheel 58 :andits spindle-5.6, permitting grinding along the margin of. the .cutter.396 .asl shownf :It is-alsoseen' that ifu the direction of grind is to. be changed for some reason orother, it is simpleto. shift :the,position.of the chuck 238. to the left, in' whichcasethmposition .of the grinding wheel would thentbet that shown at 58a.

' Figure 17 shows how a bevel V-cutter .469 can be mounted inichuck238 for grinding of its teeth on one side, 402,and; then the position oftheparts can be changed easily because of the universal 'slidable mounting, to grind the other side' 404.

The various types of grinding operations shown iiffFigures 7-' to 17 are merely examples and 'illustrativeofwhat can be done in some cases. However, those skilled in the art will understand clearly from the hereinabove stated description that this machine is quite easily used for substantially all grinding operations, and on substantially all objects which are to be ground or sharpened. For further aid in quick adjustment, various of the knobs shown, such as the knob 146, for traverse of the cradle along shaft 116, may be made in the storm of a handwheel with a small knob, for quick and accurate turning thereof, and graduations may be shown on shaft 116 to permit of accurate positioning and adjustment for any desired depth of grind.

Although I have described my invention in specific terms, it will be understood that various changes may be made in size, shape, materials and arrangement without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

As shown best in Figure 6, leaf springs 410 may be disposed in each opening 270 or secured to ring 264 in any suitable manner, so that opposite legs of the springs bear radially outwardly against the undersides of the chuck jaw members 272a and 272b, to bias them radially out wardly, thus allowing free unblocked insertion of shanks 282 or 284 of tools therein when the cam nuts 284 or 286 are in their outwardly retracted positions, as shown for nut 286 in Figure 6. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the hub 110 may be split as at 409, lugs 412 and 414 forming enlargements of the split edges, and the screw 416 being used to clamp them together, releasably, permitting angular traverse about a vertical axis.

I claim:

1. A chuck comprising a chuck body having an opening formed therethrough and open at both ends, a chuck sleeve secured in said opening and having an axial bore open at both ends, an anchor block carried on the inner side of said axial bore of said chuck sleeve and having an axial bore formed therethrough, first and second pluralities of chuck jaw members pivoted to said anchor block and oriented so as to extend toward opposite end openings in said sleeve, each plurality of jaw members extending toward one of said sleeve openings, cam surfaces on said jaw members, and cam nuts carrying cooperating cam surfaces and threaded to opposite ends of said sleeve and constructed and arranged for extension inside and retraction out of said sleeve, whereby upon extension inside said sleeve said jaw members are cammed inwardly to grip firmly any tool shank inserted therein to hold the same securely to said chuck.

2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized 10 further in that there is resilient spring means constructed and arranged in said sleeve opening for normally biasing said chuck jaw members apart from each other, to allow free entry therebetween of a tool shank or the like to be secured therebetween.

3. The construction according to claim 1, wherein said chuck comprises an integral trunnion shaft, a bracket for supporting said chuck body and including a bearing to engage said trunnion shaft, whereby said chuck body may be oriented angularly through a complete circle of adjustments, and clamp means carried by said bracket, for holding said chuck body in any selected adjustment position.

4. The construction according to claim 1, wherein said chuck comprises an integral trunnion shaft, a bracket for supporting said chuck body and including a bearing to engage said trunnion shaft, whereby said chuck body may be oriented angularly through a complete circle of adjustments, clamp means carried by said bracket for holding said chuck body in any of said angular positions, a bracket base member, said bracket pivotally engaging said base member for turning adjustment about a vertical axis, means for clamping said bracket base member and said bracket together in any of said angular positions about said vertical axis, whereby said chuck is universally mounted.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 421,420 McCoy Feb. 18, 1890 439,154 Holz Oct. 28, 1890 614,247 Goodhew et a1 Nov. 15, 1898 790,099 Bath May 16, 1905 1,306,354 Robbins June 10, 1919 1,326,423 Rennie Dec. 30, 1919 1,626,176 Atwood Apr. 26, 1927 1,662,078 Severson Mar. 13, 1928 1,662,079 Severson Mar. 13, 1928 1,667,064 Yerkey Apr. 24, 1928 1,694,074 Martone Dec. 4, 1928 1,697,414 Cordray Jan. 1, 1929 1,697,532 Lilleberg Jan. 1, 1929 1,875,547 Anderson Sept. 6, 1932 1,897,035 Anderson Feb. 14, 1933 1,918,951 Anderson July 18, 1933 1,981,174 Hille NOV. 20, 1934 2,349,324 Wiedmann May 23, 1944 2,672,714 Wilson Mar. 23, 1954 

